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An information processing
system takes in information in one form and
changes it into another form. Such a system may
be electrical, mechanical, or biological.
The four basic parts, or subsystems, of an
information processing system are: input,
processor, storage, and output.
Any object that receives information from
another object, changes the information, and
transmits the information in a new form can be
defined as an information processing system.
In fact, every change that occurs anywhere in
the universe is the result of information being
processed. For example, a falling rock can be
called an information processor because: 1. it
receives input on the gravitational force of the
earth, its own state, and the state of other
things around it; 2. it continually processes
this information as it comes; 3. it stores
incoming information momentarily and responds to
it; and 4. its processed information is
available to other objects in the environment,
such as the earth.
The distance of the rock from the earth changes
under the influence of gravity, speed, mass, and
so forth. Whenever the properties of an object
change, an information processor is at work. The
changing properties of the rock are its output.
The rock and the earth are both processing
information and consequently changing each
other’s properties and could be considered parts
of an information processing system.
Change cannot occur if no information is being
processed.
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